呼吸
身體系統
關於 呼吸系統
身體系統定義
呼吸系統是人體和外界進行氣體交換的器官。主要功能是與外界的進行氣體交換,呼出二氧化碳,吸進氧氣,進行新陳代謝。呼吸系統包括呼吸道(鼻腔、咽、喉、氣管、支氣管)和肺,呼吸道是氣體進出肺的通道。
呼吸道: 從鼻到喉這一段為上呼吸道;氣管、支氣管及肺內的各級支氣管的分支為下呼吸道。
肺: 由支氣管反復分支及肺泡構成,氣體進入肺泡,在此與肺泡周圍的毛細血管內的血液進行氣體交換。吸入空氣中的氧氣,透過肺泡進入毛細血管,通過血液循環,輸送到全身各個器官組織,供給各器官氧化過程的所需,各器官組織產生的代謝產物,經過血液循環送到肺,然後經呼吸道呼出體外。
相關身體問題
科学研究
- 1.8桉油醇對於支氣管哮喘的抗發炎活性 Juergens UR1, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol) in bronchial asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Respir Med. 2003 Mar.
- 香芹/百里香酚抑制被幾丁質誘發的呼吸道上皮細胞先天免疫反應Khosravi AR, Erle DJ. Chitin-Induced Airway Epithelial Cell Innate Immune Responses Are Inhibited by Carvacrol/Thymol. PloS one. 2016.
- 嗅吸薰衣草精油可抑制哮喘動物模型中呼吸道發炎和黏液增生Ueno-Iio T, Shibakura M, Yokota K et al. Lavender essential oil inhalation suppresses allergic airway inflammation and mucous cell hyperplasia in a murine model of asthma. Life Sci. 2014
- 桉油醇治療急性非化膿性鼻竇炎的成效 Kehrl W, et al. Therapy for acute nonpurulent rhinosinusitis with cineole: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Laryngoscope. 2004 Apr.
- 篩選不同精油對於呼吸道致病菌的抗菌效果 Inouye S, et al. Screening of the antibacterial effects of a variety of essential oils on respiratory tract pathogens, using a modified dilution assay method. J Infect Chemother. 2001.
- 嗅吸尤加利、薄荷、樟腦精油對於感冒時呼吸道的影響 Cohen BM, Dressier WE. Acute Aromatics Inhalation Modifies the Airways. Effects of the Common Cold. Respiration. 1982.
- 薄荷精油能提升運動表現 Meamarbashi, A., Rajabi, A. & others. The effects of peppermint on exercise performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 10, 15 (2013).
- 嗅吸薄荷醇可降低辣椒素引起的咳嗽敏感性及慢性咳嗽的通氣量 Millqvist E, et al. Inhalation of menthol reduces capsaicin cough sensitivity and influences inspiratory flows in chronic cough. Respir Med. 2013
- 甜味及薄荷醇提高咳嗽反射閾值 Wise PM, Breslin PA, Dalton P. Sweet taste and menthol increase cough reflex thresholds. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2012;25(3):236-241.
- 黑胡椒精油幫助戒除煙癮Cordell B, Buckle J. The effects of aromatherapy on nicotine craving on a U.S. campus: a small comparison study. J Altern Complement Med. 2013.
- 精油液體或蒸氣型態對於呼吸道致病菌的抗菌活性評估 Ács K, Balázs VL,et.al. Antibacterial activity evaluation of selected essential oils in liquid and vapor phase on respiratory tract pathogens. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018;18(1):227.