神經
身體系統
關於 神經系統
身體系統定義
神經系統是人體的功能調節系統。人體各器官、系統和各種生理過程是在神經系統的調節控制下，互相聯繫、影響和配合，維持正常的生命活動。神經系統由神經組織組成，分為中樞神經系統和周圍神經系統兩大部分。
中樞神經系統包括腦和脊髓:
大腦管理人體不同的部位，脊髓是傳導通路，把外界刺激傳送到腦，然後再把腦發出的命令傳送到周圍器官。
周圍神經系統包括腦神經、脊神經、內臟神經:
腦神經支配頭面部器官的感覺和運動; 脊神經由脊髓發出，支配身體和四肢的感覺、運動和反射;內臟神經分佈於內臟、心血管和腺體，心跳、呼吸和消化活動都受它的調節, 又分為交感神經和副交感神經，透過拮抗與協調使內臟適應內外環境的需要。
相關身體問題
科学研究
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- 使用芳香療法及手部按摩降低失智患者的破壞性行為研究 Fu CY, Moyle W, Cooke M. A randomised controlled trial of the use of aromatherapy and hand massage to reduce disruptive behaviour in people with dementia. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013;13:165.
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- 迷迭香和薰衣草精油的香氣能影響健康成人的認知及情緒 Moss, M., et al. Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healthy adults. Int. J. Neurosci. 113, 15–38 (2003).
- 嗅吸岩蘭草精油可調節睡眠清醒週期和腦電波 Cheaha D, et al. Modification of sleep-waking and electroencephalogram induced by vetiver essential oil inhalation. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2016.
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- 嗅吸檸檬精油可以幫助止痛 Ikeda H, Takasu S, Murase K. Contribution of anterior cingulate cortex and descending pain inhibitory system to analgesic effect of lemon odor in mice. Mol Pain. 2014.
- 薄荷精油緩解頭痛 Göbel H, Schmidt G, Dworschak M, Et Al. Essential plant oils and headache mechanisms. Phytomedicine. 1995.
- 薰衣草精油治療偏頭痛 Sasannejad P, Saeedi M, Shoeibi A, et al. Lavender essential oil in the treatment of migraine headache: a placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur Neurol. 2012;67(5):288-291.
- 外用德國洋甘菊油對無前兆性偏頭痛的鎮痛效果 Zargaran A, et al. Evaluation of the effect of topical chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) oleogel as pain relief in migraine without aura: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Neurol Sci. 2018 May 28.
- 精油按摩提高自閉兒童的共同注意行為 Solomons S. Using aromatherapy massage to increase shared attention behaviours in children with autistic spectrum disorders and severe learning difficulties. British Journal of Special Education. 2005;32(3):127-137.
- 洋甘菊改善注意力不集中過動症狀 Niederhofer H. Observational study: Matricaria chamomilla may improve some symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(4):284-286.
- 西伯利亞冷杉可讓視頻終端工作後精神放鬆 Matsubara E, Fukagawa M, Okamoto T, et al. The essential oil of Abies sibirica (Pinaceae) reduces arousal levels after visual display terminal work. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2011
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- 不同精油對於癲癇和急性發作的影響 Bahr TA, Rodriguez D, et.al. The Effects of Various Essential Oils on Epilepsy and Acute Seizure: A Systematic Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:6216745.
- 乳香對腦瘤患者放射治療後腦水腫的作用Kirste S, Treier M, Wehrle SJ, et al. Boswellia serrata Acts on Cerebral Edema in Patients Irradiated for Brain Tumors. Cancer. 2011;117(16):3788-3795.
- 乳香精油抗抑鬱作用的研究, Zhang YQ(張亞奇), Deng KH (鄧鯤華), Yang Y (楊怡), Wang S(王詩), Ding H(丁虹), Anti-depression Effect of Frankincense Essential Oil . NatProdResDev(天然產物研究與開發) 2015，27:31-34
- 芳香療法對產後抑鬱症高危險群婦女的改善效果Conrad P, Adams C. The effects of clinical aromatherapy for anxiety and depression in the high risk postpartum woman – a pilot study. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2012;18(3):164-168.
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- 芳香療法對臺灣小學教職員調節自主神經系統的效益 Chang KM, Shen CW. Aromatherapy benefits autonomic nervous system regulation for elementary school faculty in taiwan. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011
- 芳香調理技術, 一項外用的精油應用方法, 對於自主神經及唾液生化指標的立即和持續性影響 Bahr T, Rodriguez D, Allred K. Immediate and Lasting Effects of the dōTERRA AromaTouch Technique, a Topical Essential Oil Application Procedure, on Autonomic Function and Salivary Biomarkers: A Pilot Trial. J Integrative Med Ther. 2018;5(1): 7.
- 簡易芳香手部按摩的抗壓效果Komori T, Kageyama M, et.al. Anti-stress effects of simplified aroma hand massage. Ment Illn. 2018;10(1):7619.
- 葡萄柚精油香氣刺激老鼠自主神經, 脂肪分解及降低食慾 Shen J, Niijima A, Tanida M, et al. Olfactory stimulation with scent of grapefruit oil affects autonomic nerves, lipolysis and appetite in rats. Neurosci Lett. 2005;380(3):289-294.
- 嗅吸佛手柑精油促進精神健康診療中心候診室的正面情緒 Han X, Gibson J, Eggett DL, et. al. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study. Phytother Res. 2017 May;31(5):812-816.
- 佛手柑精油對失智患者的神經心理症狀及疼痛反應的神經藥理 Scuteri D, Rombolà L, Morrone LA, et al. Neuropharmacology of the Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia and Role of Pain: Essential Oil of Bergamot as a Novel Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(13) 學研究
- 苦橙葉精油對於慢性骨髓性白血病患者的抗焦慮效果 Pimenta FC, Alves MF, Pimenta MB, et al. Anxiolytic Effect of Citrus aurantium L. on Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Phytother Res. 2016;30(4):613-7.
- 苦橙葉精油對於戒除可卡因患者的抗焦慮效果 Chaves Neto G, Braga JEF, Alves MF et al. Anxiolytic Effect of Citrus aurantium L. in Crack Users. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:7217619. doi: 10.1155/2017/7217619. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
- 芳香療法舒緩狗狗因旅行引發的興奮感Wells DL. Aromatherapy for travel-induced excitement in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;229(6):964-967.
- 薰衣草精油及芳樟醇對社交挫敗引發認知偏差的改善效果 Caputo L, Reguilon MD, Mińarro J, De feo V, Rodriguez-arias M. Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil and Linalool Counteract Social Aversion Induced by Social Defeat. Molecules. 2018;23(10)
- 薑及薑黃精油對鎘誘發大鼠神經毒性的發炎標記影響 Akinyemi AJ, Adeniyi PA. Effect of Essential Oils from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Rhizomes on Some Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cadmium Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. J Toxicol. 2018;2018:4109491.